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Abstract
Much is talked, stressed, strived and written about sustainable development. Achieving it though is where the real implementation issues lie. In a country like ours the pressing need of economic growth often misses the social integration of sustainable development. And most often at the receiving end of such imbalance is the most marginalised section of the society – the indigenous people. Who unfortunately dwell in mineral rich and resource intensive forests not only in our country but across the world. The present term paper attempts to understand the effect of one of the development activities – mining on the indigenous people of the area where such activity is undertaken. While stating the general scenario of mining sector the paper illustrates constitutional and legal rights of indigenous people in India. The paper concludes by studying the interface between the two in light of the judgment of Supreme Court in Samatha Case.