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Abstract
The worldwide increased demand of crude oil (also known as petroleum hydrocarbon) has elevated the obligation of clean-up technologies for the oil-spillage treatments. Bioremediation, an effective measure for eradication of this hazardous contaminant is exploited unanimously but there arise major challenges because the process proceeds in a sluggish way and is time consuming which cannot meet up the instant requirements of clean-up of the marine environment. This review article is focused on the different sources of microorganisms studied in the last two decades and their beneficial involvement in the biodegradation of hydrocarbons. Moreover, the immeasurable consumption of plastic in our daily life is becoming life threatening for the environment. This review is principally aimed to study the different bacterial species predominantly the Bacillus strains and fungal isolates acting as predominant protagonists in the biodegradation process of complex hydrocarbons such as plastic.