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Abstract
Diabetic nephropathy(DN)occurs as a result of prolonged high levels of glucose in diabetic patients. It is diagnosed primarily upon the presence of microalbuminuria (MA). Factors like dyslipidemia, high blood sugar levels, free radicals, smoking, advanced glycation end products, environmental, and genetic factors play an important role in the progression of diabetic nephropathy. Many reports have highlighted the role of genetics and epigenetics including histone modifications in the progression of DN. Histone acetyl transferases (HATs) and Histone deacetylases (HDACs)which regulates histone acetylation levels are known to play an important role in chromatin remodelling, affecting various gene transcription that is related to metabolism, apoptosis, immunity, and angiogenesis. HDAC inhibitors are now emerging as new therapeutic target.